Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA) Practice Exam

What are the four standard criteria for intubation in patients with burns known as the 4 Ps?

1. Protection, Procedure, Palliatives, Prevention

2. Patency of airway, Protect against aspiration, Pulmonary toilet, Positive-pressure ventilation

3. Persuasion, Promptness, Precision, Performance

4. Preparation, Participation, Post-operative care, Prognosis

The correct answer is: Patency of airway, Protect against aspiration, Pulmonary toilet, Positive-pressure ventilation

The correct answer identifies the four standard criteria for intubation in patients with burns, commonly referred to as the 4 Ps. Each of these criteria plays a critical role in the decision to perform intubation and ensuring patient safety and effective management of their condition. Understanding each component is essential: - **Patency of airway** pertains to ensuring that the airway is open and unobstructed, which is crucial in burn patients who may suffer from edema or airway injury. - **Protect against aspiration** involves preventive measures to avoid aspiration of gastric contents, which is particularly important in burn patients, as they may have altered consciousness or difficulty swallowing. - **Pulmonary toilet** refers to measures taken to clear secretions from the airways, which can be especially significant if the patient has sustained inhalation injuries from smoke or hot gases. - **Positive-pressure ventilation** is employed to assist or control breathing in patients who are unable to ventilate effectively due to their injuries. This technique is especially important in managing burn patients who may experience respiratory compromise. These criteria collectively address the immediate respiratory needs of patients with burns, emphasizing the need for assessment and intervention to protect and maintain airway integrity. The other options presented do not accurately reflect the criteria used in the decision-making