Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA) Practice Exam

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What are the primary characteristics of Pierre-Robin syndrome?

Small mouth, mandibular hypoplasia, and large tongue
Cleft lip and palate
Esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula
Micrognathia and large palatine tonsils

The correct answer is: Small mouth, mandibular hypoplasia, and large tongue

The primary characteristics of Pierre-Robin syndrome include a small mouth (micrognathia), mandibular hypoplasia, and a large tongue (glossoptosis). This condition is part of a broader set of micrognathia syndromes and is significant due to the interplay between these features, which can lead to airway obstruction and feeding difficulties in affected infants. These features stem from the abnormal development of the mandible, which affects the overall size and position of the tongue and oral cavity. The small jaw can lead to the tongue falling back into the throat, further precipitating breathing issues. It's essential for healthcare providers to recognize and manage these symptoms early to ensure proper nutrition and respiratory support for affected individuals. The other options mention conditions that may occur in conjunction with various syndromes but do not accurately represent the defining characteristics of Pierre-Robin syndrome, making them less relevant in identifying this specific condition.