Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA) Practice Exam

What are the primary indications for performing endotracheal intubation?

1. To improve oxygenation only

2. To address insufficient respiratory effort and protect the airway

3. To reduce anxiety in patients

4. To allow for enhanced patient mobility

The correct answer is: To address insufficient respiratory effort and protect the airway

The primary indications for performing endotracheal intubation revolve around the need to manage the airway effectively and ensure sufficient respiratory function. When a patient's respiratory effort is insufficient, endotracheal intubation allows for the delivery of mechanical ventilation, which is critical in situations where patients cannot maintain adequate oxygenation or ventilation on their own. Additionally, endotracheal intubation is essential for protecting the airway from aspiration, especially in cases where patients may be at risk for loss of protective airway reflexes due to anesthesia, sedation, trauma, or altered mental status. This procedure prevents foreign substances from entering the lungs, which is crucial for maintaining respiratory health. While improving oxygenation is a component of the process, it is not the sole purpose. The other options, such as reducing anxiety or enhancing patient mobility, do not directly relate to the medical necessity of securing and protecting the airway or ensuring proper ventilation, which are the primary roles of endotracheal intubation.