Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA) Practice Exam

What is a common cause of upper airway obstruction during sedation?

1. Blood clots in the airway

2. Swelling of the larynx

3. Relaxation of the tongue and jaw

4. Obstruction by foreign bodies

The correct answer is: Relaxation of the tongue and jaw

The relaxation of the tongue and jaw during sedation is a common cause of upper airway obstruction. Sedatives and anesthetics can lead to muscle relaxation, including the muscles of the tongue and the muscles surrounding the jaw. As these muscles relax, the tongue may fall back into the oropharynx, narrowing the airway and potentially leading to obstruction. Additionally, jaw relaxation can lead to decreased tone in the soft tissues, contributing further to the risk of airway collapse. This phenomenon is particularly important to recognize in sedation scenarios, as it can occur even in patients who may not exhibit signs of obstruction while awake. Monitoring and maintaining airway patency is crucial in such situations, making an understanding of this aspect vital for anesthesia providers.